“The month of Ramadan is when the Quran was sent down as guidance for people and as clear proof of guidance and discernment. So whoever of you is in the presence of the month, let him fast in it. And whoever is sick or on a journey, let him fast a number of other days – God wants to make it easy for you, He does not want to make it difficult for you.” (Sure 2, 185)
From this verse, the majority of Islamic scholars derive the provision that every sane and sexually mature Muslim is obliged to fast throughout the month of Ramadan. Exempted from this obligation are the sick, travelers, and people who are unable to fast due to special physical circumstances such as pregnancy, menstruation, and old age.
In addition, it is said that Ramadan is one of the names of God and thus designates the “month of God.
The peculiarity of Ramadan compared to other months is mainly that in it, more precisely in the “Night of Destiny” (lailat al-qadr), a part of the Koran was sent down for the first time. This night is hidden in the last ten days of Ramadan. According to the Koran, it is more valuable than a thousand months (Sura 97: verse 3). Muslims therefore look for this blessed night in the last ten days to spend it more in prayer, remembrance of Allah and meditation.